Tuesday, July 7, 2020
Support Extracurricular Activities in the Primary Schools - 1650 Words
Education Policy In New Zealand To Support The Extracurricular Activities In The Primary Schools (Coursework Sample) Content: Education policy in New Zealand to support the Extracurricular Activities in the Primary Schools Students NameInstitutional AffiliationEducation policy in New Zealand to support the Extracurricular Activities in the Primary SchoolsIntroduction Extracurricular activities are events undertaken by students that fall outside the field of regular school curricula. Extracurricular activities have been established in all levels of education around the world in various forms. They can be in the form of sports, drama or clubs (Massoni, 2011). Extracurricular activities are often not mandatory and involve students of the same age. Extracurricular activities by nature help students to adopt different personal aptitude from the class-based action. The personal choice of a student to engage in extracurricular activities in spite of other school responsibilities may generate an experience that is more significant to them than a compulsory task. In addition, while participating in e xtracurricular activities, they get to be around students of their peer, which facilitates a positive learning environment. In New Zealand's education system, students choose extracurricular activities only after enrolling in secondary school. This is because the education policies do not support primary schools to engage in extracurricular activities. This study evaluates why it is important to implement education policy that will support the extracurricular activities in the primary schools in New Zealand. The paper will also look at the history of New Zealand education curriculum.OriginIn 1904, Hogben wrote the first primary school curriculum that set out the goals and purpose and recommended teaching methods in New Zealand (Openshaw et al., 1993). He believed that contemporary form of the education system should be able to evaluate the academic and the hands-on abilities of the students. He further believed that based on the acquired assessments, the curriculum should be able to mold students into proper citizens in an independent society (Openshaw et al., 1993). Hogbens ideas assumed that by utilizing the standardized practice of diligence to schools could better prepare a student to cope well in adult life roles (Openshaw et al., 1993). Hogbens curriculum put in place an extensive conventional syllabus that consisted of morals and the formation of proper habits and etiquettes such as punctuality, modesty, and tidiness. The plan also covered civics and health together with the regular primary school subjects (Ewing, 1970). In the final page of the syllabus, Hogben reinvigorated the teachers to formulate timetables that coordinated and connected all the subjects to the facts and the needs of a students daily life (Ewing, 1970). Hogbens curriculum focused more on the normal education activities and missed to feature in the extra activities program for primary school students. Reasons for Developing and Implementing the Policy in New ZealandUnlike New Zealan d, the United States established extracurricular activities in grade schools in the 19th Century. The program was first implemented only in Harvard and Yale, and it involved educated clubs that comprised of various debate clubs and Greek systems (Casinger, 2011). Later, the program was expanded to grade and high schools. Currently, more than half of the American students take part in at least one extracurricular activity (Gardner et al., 2006). In the United States, it costs approximately $250 million to establish extracurricular activities in both urban and rural schools (Girod et al., 2005). Below are some of the positive outcomes observed in the United States that perhaps can give a clear view of ways in which New Zealand will stand to gain by developing and implementing the policy.Several studies have been conducted to depict the relationship between extracurricular activities and academic performance. Taking part in extracurricular activities is often related to high academic p erformance, high education aspiration, reduced absenteeism, and greater chances of attending to a good college (Broh, 2002). Guest and Schneider (2003) concluded that, Researchers have unveiled positive feedback between extracurricular activities and education. Lunenburg (2010) expresses in his article that, Extracurricular activities fulfill the same aims and purpose as the mandatory and optional courses in a schools curriculum. They offer experiences that are not part of the formal courses of study. Extracurricular activities enable a student to apply the knowledge gained from other classes and attain ideas of an autonomous life. The positive outcomes of extracurricular activities to students are high grades, positives attitude towards education, improved behavior, improved social skills and successful adulthood (Massoni, 2011).Students who take part in extracurricular activities have shown signs of lessened behavior problems. The students who participate in sporting activities ha ve demonstrated self-restraint in drills, routines, and practices (Massoni, 2011). They abide by the rules of the sport and try to perform well in the field. When students do well on their extracurricular activities, they are often rewarded for their efforts thus taking pride in the accomplishment. Due to this reason, most students gain better self-esteem, self-respect, and self-confidence. Brown (2000) asserts that Taking part in school activities, particularly, Athletics, proceed to better self-esteem and enrich their status among their peers, which some argue limits antisocial behaviors. Besides, extracurricular activities play a vital role in keeping students busy after school hours (Eccles, 2003). According to Holloway (2002), The most dangerous time for students to engage in bad behavior is between after-school hours and before parents arrive at home. Students aged between eight and seventeen years are often at risk of engaging in risky behaviors when idle (Howie et al., 2010) . Gardner et al.s (2008) theory and study on proper youth development stresses the shift of human development and proposes that building a positive, supportive relationship with people and other social organization boosts a healthy growth. Based on the study, extracurricular activities can foster a healthy development because students can freely engage in building sustainable relationships with their peers while taking part in extracurricular activities. Different students have a different attitude towards going to school, and not every student loves the idea of waking up early and attending school. Students who lack motivation do not enjoy going to school, and thus they are likely to lose focus and perform poorly in class. Extracurricular activities promote a positive attitude, and it gives a student the motivation to go to school and improves the students level of performance. Cosden et al. (2004) noted that Taking part in after school activities that are programmed to enrich stu dents self-esteem, provides positive outcomes on standards test score in both mathematics and reading, unlike receiving extended time to work on their homework. Taking part in extracurricular activities equips the student with the ability to build a positive and intentional connection to their schools, it gives them the motivation needed to continue going to school every day. According to a study conducted by the U.S. Department of Education (USDE), students who take part in extracurricular activities are more likely to attain a grade point of a 3.0 or higher. Extracurricular activities promote school completion. In the United States, the average dropout rate is approximately 10 percent. Students who take part in extracurricular activities are less likely to drop out than those who do not (Casinger, 2011). The students who are at risk of failing academically are often encouraged to take part in extracurricular activities than the average achievers. Participating in extracurricular a ctivities is associated with a decrease in early dropout cases in both boys and girls. It has been observed that students who take part in sporting activities stand a better chance of completing their education; sports program reduced the dropout rate by 40 percent (Holloway, 2002). Besides, various sports have a stipulated law that does not tolerate academic failing. These rules are put in place to discourage laziness in class thus motivating the student to gradually improve academically. Besides academic improvement, other laws discourage the use of drugs and alcohol. Finally, extracurricular activities encourage hard work and prepare students for becoming productive members of society in their adulthood. Through participation in extracurricular activities, students learn valuable lessons about leadership, teamwork, critical thinking, proper organization, time management, and problem-solving (Miller Zittleman, 2010). Before students get to choose an extracurricular activity, t hey are foremost given a chance to evaluate the best event that suits their tastes, skills, and passion. Deciding on what activity to partake in an early age help students to measure their progress as they grow. Later in life, they can decide to either make it their career or pursue something else. For example, students who choose to take sports as their extracurricular activity have the choice to become pro athletes in the future. In addition, extracurricular activities act as a bonus point while seeking employment; many employers prefer an individual who participated in at least one extracurricular activity while in school. For example, a student who participates in the journalism club will stand a better chance of being employed in a media house as compared to an individual who did not take part in any extracurricular act...
Tuesday, May 19, 2020
The Financial Crises Of 2008 - 1702 Words
The Financial Crises of 2008 is an ongoing global financial crises that is the worst catastrophe in modern banking since the Great Depression. Four million people lost their jobs and another one million people lost their homes. A lot of people were and are still affected by this catastrophe which was easily preventable had there been a general populous that was financially literate. It seems as if the banks are looking to trap people into loans with complicated wording and fine print that requires a trained eye to see. Thatââ¬â¢s why so many people got duped into thinking that they have received cheap money with little down payment when the reality is that loan trapped them into paying high interest payments. There is no exact estimateâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦If kids are taught how to manage their own money, they will have a higher standard of living, give them more independence and have the freedom to choose their path without worrying about financial handcuffs - student l oans, car payments, or even credit card debt. Last year, around 39% of 18 - 24-year-olds were enrolled in college, and about 1.8 million resided in on-campus dormitories. For many students, college is the first time that they can gain financial freedom from their parents. Some even carry the financial burden of paying for college out of their own pocket, paying thousands of dollars before they even complete their first year. The complexity of applying for student loans and managing debt can be made simpler if students are guided through the admissions process. On the other hand, some kids decide to skip out on college, around 60 percent of these students didnââ¬â¢t even apply to college at all! Those who enter the workforce straight after high school need extra assistance in filing their own taxes, balancing a check, and applying for their first credit card. Since no one is born understanding how to manage money, itââ¬â¢s important that they build a strong financial foundation for kids to learn at an earlier age because once the wrong habits are formed, they are hard to break. According to a recent survey by XXX REPORT only 26% of 13-21 year old surveyed recently said that theirShow MoreRelatedThe Financial Crises Of 20081701 Words à |à 7 PagesPg.3). The Financial crises of 2008 has had a major impact on the lives of individuals, for some it has been beneficial for others dire. Many people no longer have faith in the ââ¬Ëcapitalism that presents itself as a gospel of salvationââ¬â¢ (comaroff review, find) and are embracing alternatives to lassaire faire capitalism. The crises has seen the rise of anti-capitalist movements such as ( people before profit) offering an alternative vision to mainstream capitalism. In the EU the crises has forced peopleRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of The Decade1364 Words à |à 6 PagesThe financial crisis of the decade is considered the largest and most severe compared to the Great Depression. The crises reshaped the financing and investment banking business not only in the United States but globally. The top largest banks have fallen due to the losses they have incurred in connection with their investments in the subprime mortgage markets. (Financial Crises 2007-2008 Overview) Governments had to come up with some solutions in order to further avert the decline of their countryRead MoreFinancial Crisis Essay1088 Words à |à 5 Pagesinstitutional investors propagated the financial crises. Institutional investors, which is both, individual or companies do enjoy the benefits of reduced commission preferential regulations. 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Historical eventsRead MoreBanks Ceo Incentives and Credit Crisis1603 Words à |à 7 Pagesincentives.This collapse had a cascading effect on the entire major financial or credit market across the world. In this downfall, many of the financial services providers like Goldmansach , Royal Bank of Scotland and Lehman Brothers have reported bankruptcy on the heels of severe losses in their mortgages. Many of the researcher and scholarsVarious scholars such as XXXXXX have debated the have mentioned various reasons for the 2008 financial crisis, but the uppera significant factor that many most reasonRead MoreFinancial Crisis : Fiscal Crisis1542 Words à |à 7 PagesFinancial Crisis: 2008-2009 In early 2000s, most private and public budgets in the U.S. were funded through local and sovereign debts. In this regard, staggering mortgage industry, weak fiscal policies, and unscrupulous financial investors principally contributed to the 2008-2009 financial crises. Due to surging inflation and accumulated interests, most borrowers failed to payback their loans due to continued bankruptcy. Consequently, interest rates in various countries were adjusted to balance theRead MoreFinancial Crises And Its Effects On Global Economic Crisis1068 Words à |à 5 PagesThe 2007-2008 Financial Crisis- Its Causes and the Involvement of the FED The financial crises that occurred in 2007-2008 had such a big impact on the world that it is now considered a global financial crisis (GFC) or global economic crisis. It is commonly believed that it began in July 2007 with the credit crunch; U.S. investors lost trust in the value of subprime mortgages which caused a liquidity crisis. This had the effect that the U.S. Federal Bank injected a large amount of capital into theRead MoreRelationship between Inequality and Financial Crisis Essay913 Words à |à 4 PagesRelationship between inequality and financial crisis The most recent global crisis has rejuvenated interest in the relationship between inequality, credit booms, and financial calamities. Many analysts propose that rising levels of inequality led to a credit boom and eventually to a financial crisis. Others, however, have distanced themselves from that notion arguing that while inequality can be blamed for many things, the global crisis may not be one of them. In deriving a personal stand regardingRead MoreAnalysis of ââ¬Å"the Global Financial Crisis: Causes, Effects, Policies and Prospectsâ⬠Dominick Salvatore, Journal of Politics Society, Columbia University1110 Words à |à 5 Pages Analysis of ââ¬Å"The Global Financial Crisis: Causes, Effects, Policies and Prospectsâ⬠Dominick Salvatore, Journal of Politics Society, Columbia University June 2010 Marija Nikolic December 2012 Global financial crises has brought into focus debate about decisions made by the countries which are leading economic forces, making them to reconsider past living standards and habits. With the aim to examine the causes, effects, policies and prospects for the financial crisis D.Salvatore publishedRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Proposed Using A Banking System1707 Words à |à 7 Pagesis a debate on if there should be more or fewer regulations on banking. The Great Depression is a large reason for the beginning of many banking regulations. Many believe that the banking and financial crises were a large contributor to how the Great Depression went down, especially the three banking crises that hit the United States during that time. The first panic happened in October of 1930, the second in March of 1931, and the third began at the end of 1932. Because of all this, different reforms
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Military Capability During Peacetime Innovation Essay
Resources, accurate innovation, political support, and privatized development are four crucial factors for enhancing military capability during peacetime innovation. Nonetheless, countries that effectively manage internal resources, and are funded through political support will often be at the forefront of military development. Moreover, accurate innovation is essential to ensure that the technology developed aligns with the required capabilities to defend the nation. Therefore, countries with political support in achieving their military vision through accurate peacetime innovation, often have the upper hand in future military strength. Political support is the primary and foremost key component in developing successful innovation. Furthermore, military innovation cannot deviate from the strategic guidance of the nation, without reconstructing the defense strategy and military vision. Nonetheless, this reconstruction can occur if the current innovation and military development is de fined upon outdated technology. Therefore, peacetime innovation is an opportunity to combat deficiencies as well as capability gaps in order to maintain the competitive edge against potential enemies or threats to a nation. Most importantly, the cost of the innovation, training, and implementation must be feasible through current funding and allocation and approved by bureaucrats. Spending outside ones means in this factor will result in both incomplete and inadequate innovation. 1Show MoreRelatedMilitary Capability During Peacetime Innovation1397 Words à |à 6 Pages Resources, accurate innovation, political support, and privatized development are four crucial factors for enhancing military capability during peacetime innovation. 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As Clausewitz noted, ââ¬Å"One side invents improvements and first puts them to use, and the other side promptly copies them.â⬠The immediacy of war motivated nations to innovate as rapidly as they could to keepRead MoreThe Aftermath Of World War I1563 Words à |à 7 Pagesinward and focus on domestic issues while military forces struggled to identify the next threat. Moreover, vast technological advancements increased the level of uncertainty as military leaders reconsidered the way of war. Consequently, the major pow ers emerged from the interwar period with great disparity. Although many factors interacted to effect peacetime innovation, none exerted a more dominating influence than the perceived threat, and military culture. Designed to prevent future aggressionRead MoreThe Most Important Qualities That A Military Organization1116 Words à |à 5 PagesArgumentative Essay What are the two most important qualities that a military organization should possess to innovate effectively during peacetime? The weary aspect of warfare in the World War I made it complicated to verify who the successful is or if there was really a winner. This is obvious that the remarkable circumstances encouraged the US and European powers to bring a tremendous change in their army units and obtain new equipment in order to achieve a comprehensive and sustainable victoryRead MoreThe Years 1918-1939, Which Separate World War I From World1545 Words à |à 7 PagesThe years 1918-1939, which separate World War I from World War II, witnessed profound changes in how technologically advanced military organizations would fight. In most of the cases, during peacetime, military innovation, and technological developments played an empowering or helping role in advancing profoundly new and more operative ways of fighting. In a narrow and strict sense, such innovative improvements were re volutionary. The technological revolution reached the battlefields and foreverRead MoreThe Aviation Branch Of The U.s. Army1513 Words à |à 7 Pagesturn of the 1800 to 1900 centuries. The military did use a Balloon Corps and Detachment for the Civil and Spanish-American Wars respectfully. However, the Army deactivated both organizations after their usage in the campaigns. These artillery spotters and reconnoiters were helpful. However, the leadership did not see a usage for them outside of war. Therefore, it would take someone understanding the potential of air power to open a door for its peacetime usage. This occurred with the birth ofRead MoreTHE CHALLENGES OF JOINT OPERATIONS IN THE RBAF ââ¬Å¡Ãâà ¬ PROBLEMS OF DOCTRINE AND EQUIPMENT PROCUREMENT7447 Words à |à 30 PagesPROCUREMENT CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. Modern states tailor their defence capabilities to meet their foreign and security policy needs. Such capabilities are provided by weapon systems and trained personnel which are employed according to fundamental military principles. The uncertainties of threat and complexities of risk in the contemporary world demand a wide range of military capabilities. Furthermore, in most future major military operations, land, sea and air forces will be closely dependent uponRead MoreThe Compromise Of A Southern Convention1941 Words à |à 8 Pagescession without any restriction or condition on the subject of slavery. The second pair of resolutions settled the boundary dispute between Texas and New Mexico in favor of the latter and compensated Texas by federal assumption of debts contracted during its existence as an Independent Republic. Clay s third pair of resolutions called for abolition of the slave trade in the District of Columbia but a guarantee of slavery itself in the District. As if these six proposals yielded more to the NorthRead MoreThe Person I Chose As My Leader1787 Words à |à 8 Pagesboy. He did not do well at either one of the schools which lead him to joining the military. Winstonââ¬â¢s main characteristics in being an active leader was his role of motivating society, regardless the condition how frightening the conditions turn out to be. Churchillââ¬â¢s character showed eagerness, willpower, and confidence. In the original days of World War II Winston Churchillââ¬â¢s inspirational capability began to be perceived by those around him. Churchill could not accept being defeatedRead MoreZachary Taylor s Decision For Abolition Of The Slave Trade1897 Words à |à 8 Pagescession without any restriction or condition on the subject of slavery. The second pair of resolutions settled the boundary dispute between Texas and New Mexico in favor of the last and compensated Texas by federal notion of debts brought forth during its exis tence as an Independent Republic. Clay s third pair of resolutions called for abolition of the slave trade in the District of Columbia but a surety of slavery itself in the District. These six proposals produced more to the North then to
508-507-2209 free essay sample
ââ¬Å"I made up my mind, Iââ¬â¢m going out like Robin Williams/I guess Iââ¬â¢m not the Ordinary People of John Legend/And Iââ¬â¢ve been suicidal since the day I was nine.â⬠The powerful lyrics of rapper Joyner Lucas highlight his friendsââ¬â¢ struggles with suicide. Joyner hit some people by surprise this summer by dropping his first album, ââ¬Å"(508) 507-2209.â⬠After listening to it, I think Loyner Lucas deserves more attention in hip-hop than he already gets. Joynerââ¬â¢s style of storytelling music has a street edge to it. The scenes and images that he portrays in his songs are extremely vivid, as if you are reading a book. The production of his music matches the albumââ¬â¢s theme and tone perfectly. Joyner has been rapping since he was a child and has been releasing quality music for a few years, yet none of his projects have been as impactful as this. We will write a custom essay sample on 508-507-2209 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The album contains so much detail; you can take apart each of his 16 tracks and study what they are all about. The tracks are connected by voicemails at the beginning and end of each song which, although it may seem minor, help put the whole project together as one piece of work. ââ¬Å"Glad you are the king to your own castle/You handle life when itââ¬â¢s thrown at you.â⬠Joyner expresses his problems throughout the album, and here in the song ââ¬Å"Just Like Youâ⬠he is saying that people should man up and handle their responsibilities. His stories are very relatable for people who are struggling financially. In ââ¬Å"Winter Bluesâ⬠Joyner talks about a man who is struggling to live and has no other way to make money except by selling drugs. He says in the song, ââ¬Å"I canââ¬â¢t even count it on all my fingers how much sht that I lost.â⬠Joyner expresses how unjust life is to those who need help the most. Joynerââ¬â¢s most resonating and important lyrics are found in the opening track, ââ¬Å"Ultrasoundâ⬠: ââ¬Å"I been living in the ghetto where the devils pray to God.â⬠Joyner paints a picture of how living in the ghetto is comparable to living in Hell and explores how lower socioeconomic neighborhoods are segregated from the rest of society. The mainstream community looks down on them and perceives them as devils. In the lyrics, he says that the devils are praying to ââ¬Å"God.â⬠The question is, who is the God that they are praying to? Joynerââ¬â¢s fifteenth track, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m Sorry,â⬠is arguably the most popular. In it, Joyner talks about a friend of his who committed suicide. What makes this song special is that Joyner uses ââ¬Å"point of view duality,â⬠which is basically singing or rapping a song from two different perspectives. Point of view duality is still new in music, and hasnââ¬â¢t had much of a breakthrough. In ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m Sorryâ⬠Joyner starts in his own point of view, showing extreme anger and frustration, saying he literally wants to pull his friend ââ¬Å"out of the casket.â⬠In the second part of the song, Joyner sings from his friendââ¬â¢s point of view, giving us insight on his struggle with depression. ââ¬Å"(508) 507-2209â⬠is perfectly executed. With a combination of fast-paced beats and spine-chilling lyrics, Joyner grabs the attention of his listeners in every song. His storytelling style imparts important messages about struggles in life such as money, love, drugs, and lawlessness. This album is definitely worth listening to, and it is the reason why Joyner Lucas should receive more recognition.
Wednesday, April 22, 2020
The Sights and Sounds of High School free essay sample
The stern voices of teachers are heard across quads as they issue JUG to moronic students for the most immature offenses. D) The trees as they sway wistfully in the wind. E) And the crows mocking students that pass by. Walking down the hall today, I heard many interesting sounds. The wind is blowing through the trees causing them to sway back and forth wistfully as if herding students back through the gateway of learning.The irritating laugh of rows is heard from the trees as if mocking students that pass by. The sound of heavy footsteps are heard around the corner as slow, exhausted students enter the quad somewhat ready for the exciting day of learning that is ahead of them. Lockers creak open and slam shut as students retrieve their things for class. Young freshmen are heard screaming their high, ear-splitting screeches which echo throughout the halls.The stern voices of teachers are heard across the quad as they issue JUG to moronic students who have omitted the most immature offenses against school rules, and those same students pleading voices as they try to squirm and squeal their way out of after school detention. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sights and Sounds of High School or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sound of students taking part in heated debates about the most recent presidential election are scattered around campus among many students. As if they were political pundits who could truly forecast the future of our country. These are only few of the interesting sounds of a typical day at Jesuit High School.
Monday, March 16, 2020
Summary Essay Example
Summary Essay Example Summary Essay Summary Essay Name: Course: Instructor: Date: 3. PROCESS When the new product released or the product by the branded manufacturers, the counterfeiters immediately produce the same item and there is no problem for selling of such products. Because even Judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys make shopping at outside and hence indirectly they will also help for counterfeiters for getting their business. Nowadays most people purchase handbags, wallets, T-shirts, luxury goods purchased at outside shopping which are faked products.Ã The counterfeiters produce perfect products but are fake. The crime syndicates the run the business and makes profits of such counterfeit business and the amounts spent for the installation and development of illegal activities such as child prostitution, human trafficking and terrorism. Even one of main source of income received from counterfeiting, which caused World Trade Center bombing. It was just caused sale of Counterfeit T-shirts. 4.CONCLUSION Hence all the general public should not make outside shopping, which will, causes increase of counterfeit business. If the counterfeit business increases it is one way of providing assistance to the illegal activities such as narcotics, weapons, child prostitution, human trafficking and terrorism. If the public follows such opinion not to make counterfeit shopping, the crime syndicates will be having no money and finally the crime syndicates withdraw from their business such as illicit activities and terrorists plots, which would be most beneficial to the global world.
Saturday, February 29, 2020
Analysis of Infinity Games
You are to complete the following task in the order given:à Task A: Carry out user and task analysis. You must have a clear view of the users of this system. Consider that not everyone is comfortable with the technology. For example, you need to deal with user variation such as age or language skills. Perform a user analysis, i.e. characterise the users and identify your potential users. Clearly identify the tasks the potential users perform, and in what order. These are all user interface design considerations that you should take into account.à Task B: Propose design and system requirements. Consolidate your findings from your user and task analysis with the given specifications into a design and system requirements. For example, the number of items to display, the screen size, what colours, how many different screens to display etc.à Task C: Develop a low-fidelity prototype using Storyboard (a minimum of 4 screens). Based on the above requirements, develop a preliminary design of the web user interface. At this stage, the prototype is basically a medium to support your initial concept and ideas. For example, the prototype should show where the ââ¬ËBusiness Hourââ¬â¢ button is located or would it be possible to fit 20 images aesthetically on a single page, etc? You can use paper-based (e.g. paper and colour pencils etc.) or screen based (e.g. painting software) to sketch your design. Low- fidelity prototyping is mainly to allow designers to produce alternative designs expediently without having to go into depth or functionality. Think of low-fidelity prototyping as the 5D tool for: design, draft, decide, discard and do-over.à à Task D: Obtain user feedback. Invite 3 ââ¬â 4 potential users (e.g. friends, family members, classmates, etc.) to provide you with feedback of your low-fidelity prototype (your storyboard). Carry out the evaluation according to prescribed methods as in Chapter 4 of your textbook (Shneiderman & Plaisant, 2010) or from other scholarly source. Use appropriate survey techniques. Analyse the data you have collected from the user evaluation and refine and improve on your initial design.à Task E: Develop high-fidelity prototype based on the user test feedback and recommendations from Task D. The high-fidelity prototype should be a reasonably complete version for the Infinity Games website and does not need to work as a complete website. A minimum of 4 screens should be produced in correspondence to your Task C storyboard. High-fidelity prototype must be computer-drawn and any drawing software is acceptable.à Task F: Write a report. Produce a report to document the tasks and the outcome of your efforts undertaken for the project. Remember, this report is intended for your employers. You need to document and support the viability of your website ââ¬â that is, to convince your employer that your webpage design is satisfactory and that it meets user acceptance test.à The analysis has been done for the website which is related to infinity games. The website is just a simple and static website which describes the shop layout and the products present in the shop. So, the analysis has been done so that improvements may be done in the website. Different opinions have been taken from different types of users belonging to different age groups, different occupations. It has been analyzed whether the design of the website is adhered to the principles of design or not as bad design is always unpleasant and disturbs the visitors on the website.à à The website has been designed to help the customers who have interest in the games, toys or playing cards. This website is designed for gaming business and users who like to visit the website lie in the age group of 15-60 years. The website has been designed with so much simplicity and it is user friendly as anyone can access or understand it easily. All of the design principles for a website are followed in this website. The pages of the website are similar to each other in terms of the background. According to the principles of design, any copyright notice should be kept at the bottom of the website. In this website, copyright notice has been kept at the bottom only as per the design principles. The color of the content should be proper and clear so that user does not find difficulty to read the content of the website. So, color chosen for the website is simple and good which does not affect the user to create complexity. According to the principles, navigation layout must work pro perly i.e. the links should navigate to the proper webpage. Navigation has been done properly in this website. The website has been designed with the use of high quality images and efficient textual description (Wirtz, Jakobs &à Ziefle, 2009).à Tasks in a particular sequence that are usually performed by the users are as follows: This is the first task which is performed by any user. User loads the website by typing the url in address bar or by searching the website on any search engine. This is a very simple task and sometimes varies in terms of duration. Next task to the loading is Reading as user reads the information he sees after loading and checks whether he/she is surfing the right website or not. By reading the information on the loaded main page user is able to understand about the type of website he/she is surfing. This task is also much simple.à This is the third task followed by reading in which user actually starts browsing what they are looking for. For e.g., for this website user looks at the different products on different WebPages and start comparing them on the terms of price, features or compatibility. This task may be performed by the user as many times user wants. This task of navigation gets automatically started once the browsing gets started. Navigation is basically done through links, buttons, menus, actionable items etc. Navigation is easy for those who keep on visiting various websites daily but difficult to understand for those who have little knowledge about computers. The website should adhere to the following design principles:à It should be ensured that the window of the browser should not contain scroll bars, instead only one window should be displayed. It should be kept in mind that all kinds of advertisements, pop-ups and multi level windows should not be opened, their use should be avoided. Navigation to any page should be displayed in bold letters. It should be understandable by the visitor that where he/she is at presently. So, use of navigation must be proper. Menus having drop down hierarchies should be avoided. It is important that the relevant types of graphics must be used. Animations in the website should be used when it is needed, else it should be avoided. Images should be put in the website with the alt tags. Icons used in the website should have a specific meaning and can be identified easily. The content written for the website should be simple and understandable to every visitor. Important information should be highlighted with bolded letters. There should be a clear difference between the links which have been visited and the links which have never been visited. The links which have been visited must be displayed with some other color than the actual color of the link so that it can be identified that it is a visited link. It is to ensure that there should be proper spacing between the names of the links so that they do not over-clutter with each other. It should be kept in mind that the colors which are dark and loud should be avoided for background purpose as there are so many kinds of visitors, the old aged visitor may feel difficulty to read content on the dark colored background. Similarly, the content of color should be kept sound to the background i.e. there should be a good contrast between the color of background and the color of the content so that content might remain readable for all visitors. à à à à à à à à à A good website always must have a feedback form in the contact us page so that visitor may leave their feedback and the improvements must be made in the website accordingly.à User Acceptance Test has to be done for the website so that designers must know how can be website accepted by the users and if there are any issues, how those issues are to be solved. One of the efficient methods to perform User Acceptance Test is to take feedback from the different users and accordingly bringing up the news ideas and thoughts for the website. So, for this website Userââ¬â¢s Feedback has been taken by asking them different questions which are as follows:à Therefore, on the basis of the above questions, feedback has been taken from three different users which is described in the next section. Feedback has been taken from three persons who belong to different occupations and different age groups. Feedback of those three visitors has been described as follows: Person 1 is a 62-years retired professor who is living his life on the pension income. He hardly has knowledge about the computer use. He hardly uses internet, if he does so, he uses it for news and Wikipedia purpose. Since he has little knowledge, so he can also access the simple websites, complex kind of website confuses him. His experience with this website is good as the website has been designed with so much simplicity. So, he did not feel difficulty and could easily surf the site. He rates the website as 8 on the scale of 1-10.à Person 2 is a 19 year old college going boy and usually completes his assignments by surfing on the internet. Therefore, he has a good knowledge about computer and so internet. He may handle even the complex sites as he is aware of navigating the links and browsing the website. When this website was given to him for review, he could easily point out that the website is about gaming business as he has a lot of interest in gaming and all. He told that the website looked so simple and understandable that he got to know about every webpage so easily. He felt that the website should have more of multimedia things and content to make the website look more attractive and catchy. He rates the website as 7 on 10.à Person 3 is a 45 year old homemaker who is graduated but does not earn money. She did not have much knowledge about the computers, but her son taught her the basics of computers and Smartphone. So, now she used to access many of the health related websites, recipe related websites, social networking websites such as facebook or instagram. She used to access the internet daily for 2-3 hours. When the website was given to her, she understood clearly that the website is about playing cards, boards games or toys but she was confused that these products can be bought online or not. She felt the site looks like ecommerce site. So, she recommended that if the website would contain ecommerce features, she would have taken the help from her son or someone else to buy some games. She said that website might look more beautiful and innovative if it becomes more colorful (Darejeh &à Singh, 2013).à Three walkthrough scenarios have been taken for the website considering the home page, contact page, and product pages. Walkthrough scenarios are as follows: As person 1 has little knowledge about computers, so probably he might not make use of navigational menu. But person 2 and 3 used the navigation map to navigate to other webpage while person 1 just used the navigational menus on the top to navigate to the other webpage. Person 2 has also little knowledge of computers but she used to increase her pace as if she is adapted to the websites.à This is a simple walkthrough that might take time from 40 seconds to 1minute. Person1 did not complete this walkthrough while person2 hardly took 25 seconds to complete the walkthrough and person 3 could complete it but took time of around 1 and half minutes. This walkthrough scenario is bit different from the previous scenario and usually takes 1 minute to get complete. Person2 took around 40 seconds to get this walkthrough done while person 1 took around 3 minutes to get this done as he was not aware of going back to the homepage. Person 3 completed this walkthrough in around 2 minutes but she had to reload the entire session for returning to the homepage as she was also not aware of going back to the homepage (Axelsson, 2012).à In this report, principles of the design play a great role in determining the efficiency of the website. It is considered that if website follows the design principles, then the website has good interface else the bad interface leads to the unpleasant impression on the website. This analysis has been done by taking various feedbacks from various visitors so that designers might know where the improvement is required in the website.à à Axelsson, A. (2012). Consistency in Web Design from a User Perspective. Bhaskar, N., Naidu, P., Babu, S. and Govindarajulu, P. (2011). General principles of user interface design and websites.à Int J Softw Eng, pp.45--60. Darejeh, A. and Singh, D. (2013). A review on user interface design principles to increase software usability for users with less computer literacy.à Journal of Computer Science, 9(11), p.1443. Wirtz, S., Jakobs, E. and Ziefle, M. (2009). Age-specific usability issues of software interfaces.
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